Question 1
What is the primary function of surfactant in the alveoli?
- A) Promoting oxygen diffusion
- B) Reducing surface tension
- C) Carrying gases to the blood
- D) Regulating air pressure
Question 2
Examine the diagram of an alveolus and an adjacent capillary. What type of cells is responsible for gas exchange in the alveolus?
- A) Type II pneumocytes
- B) Capillary cells
- C) Red blood cells
- D) Type I pneumocytes
Question 3
What causes the pressure changes inside the thorax that facilitate air movement during ventilation?
- A) Contraction of abdominal muscles
- B) Expansion of the bronchioles
- C) Muscle contractions
- D) Contraction and relaxation of respiratory muscles
Question 4
Refer to the lung capacity graph below. What does the Area “A” represent?
- A) Tidal volume
- B) Vital capacity
- C) Residual volume
- D) Inspiratory reserve volume
Question 5
What is the primary cause of emphysema, a lung disease?
- A) Smoking and exposure to air pollutants
- B) Genetic factors
- C) Bacterial infections
- D) Allergies